How to tame a plasma: Power-delivery solutions for top process issues
Film quality, throughput, yield, etch uniformity, and sidewall control all depend on the ability to ignite, maintain, and control a stable plasma. Precise, nimble...
Enhanced thermal sensitivity in a single metal thermocouple
Single metal thermocouples (SMTs) have recently been developed with a new design concept of width-engineering of metal segments. In such designs, two segments of...
Efficiency and evolution: How modern burners are redefining industrial combustion
Industrial combustion systems remain at the heart of process heating across manufacturing, energy generation, and infrastructure. As energy prices fluctuate and environmental standards tighten,...
Efficient Gas Heating of Industrial Furnaces
There are various types of high-efficiency gas burners and radiant tubes currently on the market, and economic tools can be used to assess investments...
Diffusion bonded printed circuit heat exchangers for severe environments
Traditional plate or shell and tube heat exchangers have long been used in processing industries. Today, however, with many new applications involving high pressures,...
Induction heating in the medical device manufacturing industry
Induction heating is a process that uses electromagnetic fields to heat electrically conductive materials. An induction heating system includes a power supply that converts...
Can sub-zero treatment at minus-75°C bring any benefits to tool manufacturing?
Vanadis 6 ledeburitic tool steel was subjected to sub-zero treatment at minus-75°C for different durations and for different subsequent tempering regimes. The impact of...
What pyrometer users need to know
Radiation thermometry, also known as infrared pyrometry, optical pyrometry, or simply pyrometry, is a non-contact temperature measurement technique that requires measurement of some portion...
The next level of hot isostatic pressing
Over recent years, the development of in-HIP heat treatment (High Pressure Heat Treatment) has led to some interesting developments, which are now changing the...
Infrared Temperature Measurement Theory and Application
An infrared thermometer measures temperature by detecting the infrared energy emitted by all materials at temperatures above absolute zero, (zero degrees Kelvin). The most...
Case study: Chemical processor sees significant savings with HDPE cooling towers
When it comes to heavy industrial cooling applications such as oil refineries, chemical plants, and paper mills, cooling towers have been employed for decades....
Heat Treat 101: A Primer
Gears play an essential role in the performance of many products that we rely on in our everyday lives. When we think about gears,...
The role of photo chemical etching in thermal management
The photochemical etching (PCE) process is distinguished by its capacity to fabricate metal parts with unparalleled accuracy. This process sidesteps the typical stresses and...
Austempering: An Old Process with New Potential for Gears
The Austemper heat treat process was first developed in the 1930’s. Its application was initially limited to low volume, relatively small steel components. This has...
Computerized Design of Straight Bevel Gears with Optimized Profiles for Forging, Molding, or 3D...
Straight-tooth bevel gears are the simplest type of bevel gears that can be used for power transmission between intersecting shafts. They are commonly referred...
Hybrid Forging: Advances in Open Die and Closed Die Forging
Today’s high-strength material users are increasingly obliged by everyday economic and competitive realities to seek alternatives to their current manufacturing processes. The reality that...
The PLC-based industrial temperature control system: Design and implementation
Targeting the problem of slow response and low accuracy of the automatic temperature control system for material processing and boiler heating, a new design...
A review of lubricant removal systems and the latest technology
Whether a component is produced through binder-jet additive manufacturing, metal injection molding, or conventional press and sintering, lubricant removal continues to be one of...
Advanced Robotics Combined with Eddy Current Testing Offers Verification Methods for Heat-Treated Gears
Eddy current is a nondestructive testing technique proven for use in heat treatment and material structure verification. Modern multifrequency eddy current instruments can test...
Nonlinear electromagnetic acoustic testing method for tensile damage evaluation
This paper describes an approach for measuring material plasticity using contactless electromagnetic acoustic method. Harmonic generation from noncumulative fundamental longitudinal wave in specimen is...
Temperature sensor selection: The basics of temperature measurement using thermocouples
You are probably somewhat familiar with the thermocouple, or you wouldn’t be reading this article. But there are important points about thermocouples that must...
What ISO 17025 certification means for the heat-treating industry
ISO 17025 standards within the heat-treating industry are important when it comes to methods of calibration.
This is especially important at BASF, a company whose...
Advancements in powder DED
Powder DED, or directed energy deposition, has become a useful and economical tool within the world of metal-based additive manufacturing. Advancements within the process...
Finite element modeling of the carburizing-quenching process in steels
Carburizing-quenching is a thermochemical surface treatment designed to harden the surface of steels and make them more resistant to friction, wear, and corrosion. It...
Balancing a plant security profile
In today’s technology-driven world, where cyber threats dominate headlines and organizations invest significant resources in safeguarding their OT and IT infrastructure from digital threat...
Case Study: Conrad Kacsik and Modern Industries
Modern Industries, one of the largest heat-treating facilities in Pennsylvania, has seen its share of equipment come and go since its beginning 71 years...
Heat treatment of PM parts by hot isostatic pressing
Several advantages can be seen by using pre-stressed wire-wound hot isostatic presses for consolidating of metal powder.
Ensuring Effective Furnace Lining Efficiency
Refractory engineers remain under constant pressure to increase the performance of furnaces, incinerators, and reactors to maximize energy efficiency. Although there are many materials...
Case Study: SECO/Warwick and ABB Instrument Transformers
Instrument transformers are a precision device designed to accurately meter either current or voltage on an electrical circuit. They also provide a means to...
Effect of various heat-treatment methods on AISI 4140 steel
AISI 4140 steel is one of the important categories in the steels with a wide range of applications including but not limited to automotive,...
Investigations on Tooth Root Bending Strength of Case Hardened Gears in the Range of...
Gears are one of the critical components that determine the capability and reliability of drive systems. Thus the tooth root load-carrying capacity is one...
Photo-chemical etching: A perfect process for heat exchanger production
Heat exchangers play a crucial role in various industrial applications, from power generation and automotive systems to HVAC systems and aerospace technology. The efficiency...
AC7102 Checklist Review, Part 4
Editor’s note » This is the fourth of a five-part series of articles that will deconstruct the requirements of AC7102. Each article will appear every...
6 Benefits of AR in manufacturing
Manufacturers are increasingly incorporating augmented reality in their digital transformation strategy. Augmented reality provides a multiplier effect for improving the efficiency and quality of...
Gas carburization techniques
A comparison of conventional and accelerated methods for surface hardening
Uncertainty assessment in temperature uniformity survey of equipment according to AMS2750
Thermal processing equipment used in the aerospace industry must meet the requirements of the processes for which they are intended. The periodic tests performed...
4D Quench: Taking aerospace to new heights
When providing heat treatment for aerospace gears and bearing components, manufacturers are traditionally left with three choices for thermal processing: continuous flow atmospheric furnaces...
Laser sintering of thermoset polyimide composites
Selective laser sintering (SLS) is an additive manufacturing technique that builds 3D models layer-by-layer using a laser to selectively melt cross sections in powdered...
Hardening of Powder Metallurgy Parts 101
Powder metallurgy (PM) is unique in that one has the ability to create a process system (alloy, process steps, and secondary operations) specific to...
Optimization of the de-bind cycle of sinter-base additive manufactured 17-4 components
Sinter-based additive manufacturing (S-BAM), of which Binder Jet AM (BJAM) is one approach, is quickly becoming recognized as one of the most desirable methods...
